APAC67 - Revision history

Merv at 05:53, 21 June 2009

2009-06-21T05:53:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:53, 21 June 2009
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	\|[[APAC155\|'''excursus F''']]		\|[[APAC155\|'''excursus F''']]
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			\|[[APAC157\|'''chapter eight]]
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			\|[[APAC183\|'''excursus G''']]
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	\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]		\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]

Jan: /* Confusion in the Pacific */

2009-03-27T09:16:56Z

Confusion in the Pacific

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:16, 27 March 2009
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	:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already loaded it with trade goods. They agreed to the price of 4.000 piastres, i.e., $ 3.000, one third to be paid in cash, the remainder on arrival in Valparaiso.<ref> Jore, ''La goélette «Notre Dame de la Paix»'', in Bulletin de la société d’études océaniennes, Papeete, nr. 116, September,1956, p. 585. Jore suggests the trading voyage may have been to China.</ref> Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July, after its planned trading voyage, the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.		:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already loaded it with trade goods. They agreed to the price of 4.000 piastres, i.e., 22.000 francs or $ 3.000, one third to be paid in cash, the remainder on arrival in Valparaiso.<ref> Jore, ''La goélette «Notre Dame de la Paix»'', in Bulletin de la société d’études océaniennes, Papeete, nr. 116, September,1956, p. 585. Cf. below, Excursus G, pp. 185ff. Jore suggests the trading voyage of the ''Honolulu'' may likewise have been to China.</ref> Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July, after its planned trading voyage, the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.

Merv at 07:17, 15 December 2008

2008-12-15T07:17:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:17, 15 December 2008
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	\|[[APAC142\|'''excursus E''']]		\|[[APAC142\|'''excursus E''']]
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			\|[[APAC155\|'''excursus F''']]
	\|-bgcolor=PaleTurquoise		\|-bgcolor=PaleTurquoise
	\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]		\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]

Jan: /* Confusion in the Pacific */

2008-11-25T18:30:21Z

Confusion in the Pacific

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:30, 26 November 2008
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	:The ''Honolulu'' left Hawaii on 23 November 1837, when Pompallier was already past the Fiji Islands on his way from Rotuma to Sydney. Barely at sea Fr. Bachelot fell ill and on 5 December he died on board. Maigret kept his body in a sealed tarpaulin until he could bury him, a week later, on a small island near Pohnpei. On 13 December (with Pompallier safely in Sydney) Maigret wrote in his diary: ‘Ascension Island came into view this morning and we arrived there about four o’clock in the afternoon. The Bishop of Maronea is not here.’ There was little else Maigret could do than stay alone in Pohnpei and wait for Pompallier. Seven months later the ''Honolulu'' returned and as there still was no word from the bishop, he left on 29 July 1838 for Valparaiso, via Tahiti.<ref> Jore, ~~op. cit~~., II, p. 35ff, 64f, n. 17 & 149. Wiltgen, op. cit., pp. 161ff. </ref>		:The ''Honolulu'' left Hawaii on 23 November 1837, when Pompallier was already past the Fiji Islands on his way from Rotuma to Sydney. Barely at sea Fr. Bachelot fell ill and on 5 December he died on board. Maigret kept his body in a sealed tarpaulin until he could bury him, a week later, on a small island near Pohnpei. On 13 December (with Pompallier safely in Sydney) Maigret wrote in his diary: ‘Ascension Island came into view this morning and we arrived there about four o’clock in the afternoon. The Bishop of Maronea is not here.’ There was little else Maigret could do than stay alone in Pohnpei and wait for Pompallier. Seven months later the ''Honolulu'' returned and as there still was no word from the bishop, he left on 29 July 1838 for Valparaiso, via Tahiti.<ref> Jore, ''L’Océan Pacifique'' etc. II, p. 35ff, 64f, n. 17 & 149. Wiltgen, op. cit., pp. 161ff. Peter Chanel heard about these events from Baty c.s. during their visit, EC, p. 430f, on 08.05.39.</ref>

	=== Confusion in Rome ===		=== Confusion in Rome ===

Jan: /* Chapter four : 1838-1 ''The Second Group'' */

2008-11-25T16:59:48Z

Chapter four : 1838-1 ''The Second Group''

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:59, 26 November 2008
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	:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already loaded it with trade goods. They agreed to the price of 4.000 piastres, i.e., $ 3.000, one third to be paid in cash, the remainder on arrival in Valparaiso.<ref> Jore, ''La goélette «Notre Dame de la Paix»'', in Bulletin de la société d’études océaniennes, Papeete, nr. 116, September,1956, p. 585.</ref> Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July, after its planned trading voyage, the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.		:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already loaded it with trade goods. They agreed to the price of 4.000 piastres, i.e., $ 3.000, one third to be paid in cash, the remainder on arrival in Valparaiso.<ref> Jore, ''La goélette «Notre Dame de la Paix»'', in Bulletin de la société d’études océaniennes, Papeete, nr. 116, September,1956, p. 585. Jore suggests the trading voyage may have been to China.</ref> Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July, after its planned trading voyage, the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.

Jan: /* Confusion in the Pacific */

2008-11-25T16:55:09Z

Confusion in the Pacific

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:55, 26 November 2008
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	:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already ~~undertaken~~ to ~~send it on a trip south~~ of the ~~equator~~. Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.		:When the consul offered to sell Maigret and Bachelot a schooner that he owned, the ''Honolulu'', they decided to buy it rather than go to China, even though Dudoit had already loaded it with trade goods. They agreed to the price of 4.000 piastres, i.e., $ 3.000, one third to be paid in cash, the remainder on arrival in Valparaiso.<ref> Jore, ''La goélette «Notre Dame de la Paix»'', in Bulletin de la société d’études océaniennes, Papeete, nr. 116, September,1956, p. 585.</ref> Expecting Pompallier to do what he had said, namely to sail directly from Tahiti to Micronesia, they arranged for the ''Honolulu'' to take them first to Pohnpei (some 1.500 km), where they thought they could give the Marists a hand. In July, after its planned trading voyage, the ship would return to Phonpei and take them back to Valparaiso.

Merv at 03:29, 20 September 2008

2008-09-20T03:29:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:29, 20 September 2008
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	:From Valparaiso, Peter Chanel had advised Colin of the presence in France of a Picpus missionary, Father François d’Assise Caret<ref> EC, doc. 34 [1]. Caret was born 1802, in Miniac, diocese of Rennes, information from SS.CC. archives. </ref>, one of the three who had succeeded in converting the Gambier Islands in only a couple of years. His bishop, Rouchouze, had sent him to explain in France and in Rome the situation in Eastern Oceania, to obtain wider faculties for otherwise unsolvable marriage cases and to get additional financial support. Caret had left Chile before the first Marists got to Valparaiso in June, 1837. When on 7 September he reached France he found that Fr. Coudrin, the Founder of the Picpus Fathers, had died in March and that Bishop Raphaël Bonamie had been elected his successor.<ref> On the Roman happenings cf. Wiltgen, op. cit., pp. 142 – 150 & Jaspers, op. cit., pp. 206 – 208. </ref> On 13 November, the same day that Colin received mail from Valparaiso, Bonamie<ref> The letter was addressed to Fr. Coudrin. Pagès did not know that the Founder had died. </ref> too received a letter from there, probably by the same ship. The local superior, Fr. Pagès<ref> Frédéric Pagès, SSCC, had come to Chile with Bishop Rouchouze in 1834 and handled day-to-day business in Valparaiso. Cf. EC, 38. </ref>, had written on 18 July, the day after Pompallier’s first letter from Chile.<ref> Cf. above, p. 54. </ref> Pagès reported that Pompallier had chartered the ''Europa'', that the Marists had given up hope of getting to New Zealand and were on the point of sailing for Pohnpei in Micronesia, via the Gambier Islands and Hawaii. Caret was in Paris, read the letter and immediately saw the dire consequences of that decision: Pompallier would soon be so immersed in far away Micronesia, and from there perhaps in Melanesia, that for the foreseeable future nothing would be done about Tonga, Samoa, Fiji and, worse still, New Zealand, allowing the Protestants to consolidate their positions all over Polynesia. The fiery little Caret persuaded his new superior general to support another attempt to get these Polynesian main islands assigned to their congregation, as they had tried to do, without success, two years earlier.<ref> Cf. above, p. 11f. </ref> Unaware of the fact that in the meantime Pompallier had changed plans again, dropped four missionaries in the Polynesian heartlands and was approaching Sydney, Caret left France on 4 December 1837 for Rome with ample documentation and far-reaching recommendations.<ref> Chanel’s letter from Valparaiso, telling Colin about Caret, had reached Colin with the rest of the mail from there, so he knew about Caret being in Europe. But from the tone and the content of Colin’s letter of 1 December (CS, doc. 23) we must conclude that there had been no contact between them before Caret left for Rome. </ref>		:From Valparaiso, Peter Chanel had advised Colin of the presence in France of a Picpus missionary, Father François d’Assise Caret<ref> EC, doc. 34 [1]. Caret was born 1802, in Miniac, diocese of Rennes, information from SS.CC. archives. </ref>, one of the three who had succeeded in converting the Gambier Islands in only a couple of years. His bishop, Rouchouze, had sent him to explain in France and in Rome the situation in Eastern Oceania, to obtain wider faculties for otherwise unsolvable marriage cases and to get additional financial support. Caret had left Chile before the first Marists got to Valparaiso in June, 1837. When on 7 September he reached France he found that Fr. Coudrin, the Founder of the Picpus Fathers, had died in March and that Bishop Raphaël Bonamie had been elected his successor.<ref> On the Roman happenings cf. Wiltgen, op. cit., pp. 142 – 150 & Jaspers, op. cit., pp. 206 – 208. </ref> On 13 November, the same day that Colin received mail from Valparaiso, Bonamie<ref> The letter was addressed to Fr. Coudrin. Pagès did not know that the Founder had died. </ref> too received a letter from there, probably by the same ship. The local superior, Fr. Pagès<ref> Frédéric Pagès, SSCC, had come to Chile with Bishop Rouchouze in 1834 and handled day-to-day business in Valparaiso. Cf. EC, 38. </ref>, had written on 18 July, the day after Pompallier’s first letter from Chile.<ref> Cf. [[APAC54\|above, p. 54.]] </ref> Pagès reported that Pompallier had chartered the ''Europa'', that the Marists had given up hope of getting to New Zealand and were on the point of sailing for Pohnpei in Micronesia, via the Gambier Islands and Hawaii. Caret was in Paris, read the letter and immediately saw the dire consequences of that decision: Pompallier would soon be so immersed in far away Micronesia, and from there perhaps in Melanesia, that for the foreseeable future nothing would be done about Tonga, Samoa, Fiji and, worse still, New Zealand, allowing the Protestants to consolidate their positions all over Polynesia. The fiery little Caret persuaded his new superior general to support another attempt to get these Polynesian main islands assigned to their congregation, as they had tried to do, without success, two years earlier.<ref> Cf. [[APAC11\|above, p. 11f.]] </ref> Unaware of the fact that in the meantime Pompallier had changed plans again, dropped four missionaries in the Polynesian heartlands and was approaching Sydney, Caret left France on 4 December 1837 for Rome with ample documentation and far-reaching recommendations.<ref> Chanel’s letter from Valparaiso, telling Colin about Caret, had reached Colin with the rest of the mail from there, so he knew about Caret being in Europe. But from the tone and the content of Colin’s letter of 1 December (CS, doc. 23) we must conclude that there had been no contact between them before Caret left for Rome. </ref>


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	:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to friction in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, Captain Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the Fathers Caret and Laval, both French citizens, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. above, p. 59. </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>		:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to friction in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, Captain Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the Fathers Caret and Laval, both French citizens, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. [[APAC59\|above, p. 59.]] </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>

	=== Notes ===		=== Notes ===

Merv at 03:26, 20 September 2008

2008-09-20T03:26:02Z

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	\|[[APAC116\|'''excursus C''']]		\|[[APAC116\|'''excursus C''']]
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			\|[[APAC119\|'''chapter seven]]
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			\|[[APAC140\|'''excursus D''']]
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			\|[[APAC142\|'''excursus E''']]
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	\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]		\|[[APAC:Epilogue\|'''epilogue''']]

Jan: /* Chapter four : 1838-1 ''The Second Group'' */

2008-07-17T15:43:56Z

Chapter four : 1838-1 ''The Second Group''

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:43, 18 July 2008
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	:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to friction in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, ~~captain~~ Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the ~~French citizens~~ Caret and Laval, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. above, p. 59. </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of ~~the~~ Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>		:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to friction in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, Captain Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the Fathers Caret and Laval, both French citizens, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. above, p. 59. </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>

	=== Notes ===		=== Notes ===

Jan: /* Confusion in Rome */

2008-07-02T17:54:54Z

Confusion in Rome

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:54, 3 July 2008
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	:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to ~~a collision~~ in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, captain Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the French citizens Caret and Laval, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. above, p. 59. </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of the Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>		:Fortunately, the extension of the Picpus Fathers’ jurisdiction did not lead to friction in the islands. In August 1838, probably before Caret had reached Valparaiso, captain Dupetit-Thouars on the frigate ''La Vénus'', on orders of the ''Affaires Étrangères'' in Paris, exacted punitive reparation on the government of Tahiti for the expulsion of the French citizens Caret and Laval, in December 1836.<ref> Cf. above, p. 59. </ref> The ''Venus'' trained her guns on the capital Papeete and the captain requested a written apology from Queen Pomare to be addressed to the King of France. He imposed a fine of 2.000 piastres, insisted that the French flag be raised on an island in the port and saluted by twenty-one shots from the guns of the Papeete fortress. The poor queen had to borrow the money from the Protestant mission. She wrote the apology but when the flag was raised, the queen’s gunners had to beg for gunpowder from the ''Venus''! The ramshackle guns of the fortress just managed twenty-one shots and French honour was restored. More important for the future of the missions, French citizens were guaranteed freedom of movement in the realm of Queen Pomare: the Picpus Fathers now could work in Tahiti.<ref> Jore, op. cit., II, p. 234ff. Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. Jaspers, op. cit., p. 197. </ref> At the same time they had found an opening to start work in the Marquesas Islands; no dearth of opportunities in the Eastern Pacific. By that time the Picpus Fathers in Valparaiso also knew of the presence of Marists in Wallis and Futuna and of Pompallier having settled in New Zealand.<ref> Wiltgen, op. cit., p. 216. </ref>

	=== Notes ===		=== Notes ===